Domestic Violence And Its Effects On Society - 1649 Words

In America most cases of Domestic Violence are never actually reported, many times these cases go unheard and the victims suffer in silence. The worn out cries of a battered woman as she lays on the ground clutching herself and begging her significant other to just stop. The bruises and cuts that remain unreported due to the victim claiming they accidentally fell yet again. The abusers tend to make the victim almost entirely dependable on them. An abuser will do this to gain control and to create a weaker victim, â€Å"behaviors used by one person in a relationship to control the other† (Par. 1, Definition). Control. The abuser seeks control over their victims. When their control is threatened they act out in ways harmful to others. Domestic†¦show more content†¦In this quote it gives a perfect example of a woman being treated as an object, â€Å"In 1800 BC, the Code of Hammurabi decreed that a wife was subservient to her husband and that he could inflict punishment on any member of his household for any transgression† (par. 2, Overview). Women were not considered people, they were basically owned by their husband. It was as if they were livestock. Going back through history a man ‘punishing’ his wife was not uncommon. â€Å"Medieval Canon law encouraged that wifely disobedience be punished publicly, using devices like iron muzzles with spikes which depressed the tongue† (par. 4, Overview). The abuse of a man’s wife was allowed not only privately, but publicly. Not only was this public abuse, it was public torturing. Too many deaths due to the abuse caused economic problems, â€Å"In Renaissance France when it became clear that too many women and children were being beaten to death and their economic contributions lost, lawmakers acted to moderate the effects of domestic chastisement. One statute, considered in its time to be progressive, restricted the chastisement of wives and children to ‘blows, thump s, kicks or punches on the back...which did not leave any marks,’ but added, ‘the man who is not master of his wife is not worthy of being a man.’†(par. 5, Overview) The considered someone to be a man only if they were masters of their wives. If they weren’t they were

An Analysis Of Susan Glaspell s Trifles - 1606 Words

The play Trifles written by Susan Glaspell is a mystery story of a murder that takes place in a small farming town. At the time the play was written women in the united states were still not given the opportunity to vote. It is through the mystery of this murder that we find the role of gender to be a major factor throughout the entirety of the play. In the play, we are given tandems of females and males to follow as they seek to solve the mystery of how Mrs. Wright’s husband was murdered. The tandems are composed of Mr. and Mrs. Hale, neighboring farmers, the town sheriff and his wife as well as the court attorney, George Henderson. The first indication to the role of gender in this play is when the men split from the women in search†¦show more content†¦The first line of the play is from the court attorney directed at both Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Wright. â€Å"Court Attorney: this feels good. Come up to the fire, ladies. Mrs. Peters: I’m not—cold.† This quick sequence set the tone for the play as we are given the early creation of the dynamic between the women and them men of this play. It is obvious that the men are not willing to involve the women among the investigation because they think that they are unneeded. Offering the ladies to get cooped up by the fire is the same as asking the ladies to sit quietly as the men talk about the important things at hand. The response of Mrs. Hale though allows us to notice the awareness she has for how the male authority acknowledges her as unbeneficial to the investigation. Another example of the dynamic between women and men in the play is when the county attorney find the broken jar of trifles among the kitchen. â€Å"Sheriff: Well you cant beat the women! Held for murder and worryin’ about her preserves. County attorney: I guess before we’re through she may have something more serious than preserves to worry about. Mrs. Hale: Well, women are used to worrying over trifles. County attorney: And yet, for all their worries, what would we do without the ladies? Dirty Towels! Not much of a housekeeper, would you say ladies? Mrs. Hale:Show MoreRelatedAn Analysis Of Susan Glaspell s Trifles 983 Words   |  4 Pagespreconception someone makes based on gender, race, or religion that in this case is by gender, and affects women based on their expected gender roles. Women endlessly have expectations that go along with being a wife, mother, or simply a female. In Trifles by Susan Glaspell, 1955 by Alice Walker, and Girl by Jamaica Kincaid women are stereotyped by men and told to follow unwritten but expected roles such as being seen and not heard. As well as how they present themselves, their behavior, and tasks they needRead MoreAn Analysis Of Susan Glaspell s Trifles 1203 Words   |  5 PagesA Love Gone Bad A woman who was once full of life and happiness is now left with no joy in her life. In the play, â€Å"Trifles† by Susan Glaspell, we see how Mrs. Wright has changed over the years. We see how cheerful she was before marrying Mr. Wright. While trying to solve the murder, the author uses symbolism, conflict, and irony. The are many examples of conflict in this play. The most apparent conflict is that between the men and the women in the play. In the first parts of the investigation,Read MoreAn Analysis Of Susan Glaspell s Trifles 1056 Words   |  5 PagesIn the early 1900’s, both males and females were perceived as complete opposites of eachother. Women were considered physically weaker and morally superior to men. The gender roles during this time period were clearly demonstrated in the play â€Å"Trifles†, by Susan Glaspell. At a first glance it may seem like the play is only about the death of Mr. Wright. The play could simply be interpreted that the characters all work together to determine the murderer of Mr. Wright. The initial perception overlooksRead MoreAn Analysis Of Susan Glaspell s Trifles 1293 Words   |  6 Pagesthe history of the world. Yet, humanity’s statement to symbols goes beyond us finding meaning in innominate or non-human objects. People assign hum anity into objects, almost a part of themselves. This concept is clearly demonstrated in Susan Glaspell’s play, Trifles. The work contains many element of symbolism that make important and relieving comments on the characters of the play and the themes of the story. One of the first symbols introduced in the work, Mrs. Wright’s apron is deeply symbolicRead MoreAnalysis Of Susan Glaspell s Trifles 1307 Words   |  6 PagesIn the play â€Å"Trifles† by Susan Glaspell, she relates the title of her play to how the women in this play are treated with very little respect and authority. Mr. Wright overpowers his wife and he just does not realize that until it is to late and she kills him. The two women in this play that go into the house with the attorney and the sheriff for the investigation934 were the ones to discover the evidence of what clearly happened. The two women end up hiding the evidence from the two men to helpRead MoreAn Analysis Of Susan Glaspell s Trifles 988 Words   |  4 PagesA Heavy Conscience â€Å"Trifles† by Susan Glaspell is a short play built around the murder of John Wright. Throughout the play there are numerous entwined themes and ideas. With closer examination of Glaspell’s work it is clear that there is a far greater plot in action than just a murder. Mrs. Minnie Wright has been arrested for the murder of her husband while the investigation is active. Interestingly enough the murder is not the focused of this play. The focus is how two wives Mrs. Hale and MrsRead MoreAnalysis Of Susan Glaspell s Trifles Essay916 Words   |  4 Pagesmultiple themes that a story is trying to convey. In Susan Glaspell s, Trifles, she meticulously incorporates significant symbols that help the reader recognize and construe the depth of the significance of the jar of fruit preserves, quilt, bird, and the bird cage. Things are not always as insignificant as they appear to be, and Glaspell s play is a prime example of how important it is to read between the lines. A central theme in Glaspell s play is gender obedience, displayed seemingly by MrsRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Susan Glaspell s Trifles 1714 Words   |  7 PagesFaulkner and Trifles written by Susan Glaspell loneliness, poverty and isolation consume the lives of the characters. Susan Glaspell’s play â€Å"Trifles† written in 1916. In this play the author’s talks of her preoccupation with culture- bound notions of gender and sex roles. Glaspell says women are considered trifles which mean they are not important to society which is carried out by men (Baym, p. 742). In Trifles written by Susan Glaspell the time is in the early 20th century. When Glaspell wrote â€Å"Trifles†Read MoreLiterary Analysis of Susan Glaspells Trifles1788 Words   |  7 PagesAn Analysis of Natures in Susan Glaspells Trifles A trifle is something that has little value or importance, and there are many seeming trifles in Susan Glaspells one-act play Trifles. The irony is that these trifles carry more weight and significance than first seems to be the case. Just as Glaspells play ultimately reveals a sympathetic nature in Mrs. Peters and Mrs. Hale, the evidence that the men investigators fail to observe, because they are blind to the things that have importanceRead MoreSusan Glaspell s Trifles 1732 Words   |  7 PagesSusan Glaspell (1876-1948) was an American-born Pulitzer Prize winning writer of both plays and fiction. Glaspell came from humble beginnings and went on to study at Drake University and the University of Chicago. Much of Glaspell s work dealt with the relationships between men and women and the negative effects they have on women. In Glaspell s play Trifles, it is revealed that the operations of patriarchy are just an illusion that men have created to make themselves feel superior to w omen

Theories of Communication Narrative Theory Free Essays

string(26) " it would instigate harm\." In other words, language use in self-narratives accurately reflects human personality. According to communication theorist Walter Fisher, humans are natural storytellers (1978, 1984, and 1987). We continually weave discrete events and experiences together into coherent wholes that have all the features of stories; a plot: characters: action: a sequence of beginning, middle and end: and a climax. We will write a custom essay sample on Theories of Communication: Narrative Theory or any similar topic only for you Order Now 1. 1. 1 Narrative Paradigm Narrative paradigm is a concept in communication theory and was developed by Walter Fisher. The concept is adopted from the oldest form of communication – story telling. He stated that all meaningful communication is in the form of storytelling. Calling his theory narrative paradigm, Fisher defined narration as â€Å"symbolic actions- words and/or deeds that have sequence and meaning for those who live, create or interpret them† (1987, p. 58). Fishers claimed that narrations abound in everyday life. You go to a mosque, church or temple, and a religious leader tells stories. Lawyers too tells stories when they give Jurors accounts of what happened and why and who is to blame (Burner, 2002). Peoples past experiences influence our need for communication and also base our behavior. Thus narrative paradigm is very helpful in analyzing the nature of human communication. 1. 1. 2 Good Reasoning In western cultures, rationality is considered extremely important. We are taught to evaluate the worth of ideas and arguments by Judging how much evidence is provided. Fisher thought the Western emphasis on â€Å"pure logic† and conventional rationality was excessive. He also thought that logic or strictly rational thinking do not always explain why we believe what we do. In his original statement about narrative theory, Fisher (1978) claimed that telling compelling story is more persuasive than cads of statistics, expert testimony, and logical deduction. People are basically story telling beings. We make decisions and form beliefs on the basis of good reasons. We consider a good reason depends on history, culture, personal character and biography. Narrative rationality is evaluated by the coherence and fidelity of stories. Life is a set of stories: in choosing to accept some stories to reject others, we continuously re-create our lives and ourselves. 1. 1. Narrative Rationality, Coherence and Fidelity To answer reservations that the narrative paradigm provided no standards for judging the quality of various stories, Fisher presented the concept of narrative rationality. He claimed that not all stories are equally compelling : that is not all stories have the same power to gain our belief. We Judge stories on the basis of a distinctively narrative for m of rationality, which Fisher saw as quite different from conventional criteria of rationality. Fisher identified two standards for assessing narrative rationality, which is coherence and fidelity. Coherence refers to formal features of story conceived as a discrete sequence of thought and or action in life or literature (any recorded or written form of discourse) e. It concerns the question of whether or not a story coheres or ‘hangs together’ whether or not the story is free of contradictions. In a story, we examine how the story strings together, how probable the story seems, are the important details included, is it free from contradictions, how does it compare with other stories, and do characters behave/think consistently. How do you decide whether the story makes sense? Fisher suggested that we first ask whether a story has internal coherence. We Judge whether the storyteller has told us all of the important details so that the outcome is believable. The way we assess coherence is to compare a specific story we are told with other stories about the same or similar situations, events and so forth. Fisher’s (1987) second standard for narrative rationality is fidelity, which is defined as â€Å"the extent to which a story resonates with listeners personal experience and beliefs†. According to narrative theorists, we find stories believable when they are act as we do or as we would like to see ourselves acting. Fisher’s explains that the standard of fidelity involve Judging the values in narration. When we identify with a character, we regard her or his action as admirable, worthy, reasonable. When we accept a story as true and right, we Judge it to reflect the values in which we believes and the ways of the world as we have experienced them 2. Weakness of the theory There are 3 major weaknesses that are commonly being brought forth by other scholars and they are: I) Incomplete description I’) Too broad iii) conservative bias Incomplete description: Most scholar are skeptical that the theory could comprehensively describe all forms of communication. One of the arguments are from Robert Roland(1989) that stated that not all form of communication are narrative and do not attempt to be. As an example, Robert highlighted that science fictions and science fantasy stories do not attempt to make sense in term of most people’s experience and value. He stated that the main purpose of science fictions and science fantasy is to challenge prevailing values, experience and ways of being in the world. In the perspective of communication, scholars have identify 2 types of communications that do not apply to the narrative theory. 1st, Kirkwood (1992) argues that Fisher’s view of narrative had failed to explain how stories create new possibilities, new version of ourselves and social life. This is because like the story of Martin Luther King is out of the standard form of storyline among the people within that timeline in how they see themselves and how they are suppose to act. Andy, James Cheeseboard (Bibb) believes that the theory are unpractical to the extend that if it is true it could cause harmful social consequences. For an example, the narratives of injustice and the right to revenge that are very common in most stories. Thus we could infer that assuming that the narrative theory is true it would incite riots and killing, thus it seem that Fisher did to account the impact of stories in developing new vision or how it would instigate harm. You read "Theories of Communication: Narrative Theory" in category "Narrative essays" Too broad: In establishing a communication theory, it is essential to create a distinguish it self from another. Thus when Fisher stated that all form of communication is a form of narrative thus he is simultaneously stating that everything and nothing in the same time. Such sweeping statement on the view of communication do not assist researchers, scholars and the general public to identify the important distinction among the myriad forms of communication. Conservative Bias: Finally the third weakness that one could identify is that the theory is very insensitively bias. In the context of evaluating theory, conservative is referred to the preservation of existing or established values and practices thus due to that, according to William Kirkwood (1992)Fisher’s idea of good reasons give privilege to prevailing value and attitude and focus less on to the ways in which stories can promote positive changes in the human condition. This contradiction can be seen in one of the narrative rational criteria of fidelity. Whereby there are cases of when even if the stories that we here ‘resonates with the listeners personal experience and lives'(Fisher 1987) but in truth even if it is consistent with our experience we tend to find some stories to be more credible from one to another. As an example, a video entitled ‘A Man Falls down and Cries for Help Twice. The Second Time, My Jaw Drops. On the www. Purports. Mom shows a man wearing a hooded,pair of Jeans and a snowman lying down at a town square calling for help, but after 45 minutes there was no one that came to assist despite of the large crowd passing through. This shows that despite of the general experience of being sick, and the general believe of doing DOD no one was convinced that the guy was sick or need any form of assistance. In addition to that, Kirkwood argues that this standard of Judgment encourage us to say only what will square with the other’s experience and to avoid challenging prevailing views, vale and the status quo in social life. . Strength of the theory There are 3 major strengths that are commonly being brought forth by other scholars and they are: I) Heuristic Value it) Parsimonious iii) Dynamism Heuristic Value: Narrative theory is viewed as an original work of study that has a high value of evolve as it has provoke new perspective of communication, the nature of reason and the bases of Judging rationality Narrative is considered to be a major approach to rhetorical criticism (Bureaucrat, 1995, p. 271). Within rhetorical studies, narrative has been theorized as a rhetorical paradigm, and has been used in the analysis of various case studies from the speeches of Ronald Reagan to the rhetoric of the American Civil Rights movement (Lewis, 1987; Sells, 2008). The concept of narration also has been said to compliment well with Aristotle ancient treatise on rhetoric, ND it redefined as a primary component of a speech. In a section discussing the organization of speeches, Aristotle (2007) conceives of the narrative as the part of the speech in which a speaker leads the audience â€Å"through the facts† of the speaker’s subject or case (p. 38). The narrative section of the speech should vary according to the type of speech delivered. In an influential work, Fisher (1984) has argued that narrative is a fundamental paradigm of human communication. Under the narrative paradigm, human beings are defined by their roles as storytellers, and narrative is a constitutive part of human nature. According to Fisher (1984), rhetoric is â€Å"communicated ultimately as stories meant to give order to human experience† (p. 6). Furthermore, narrative can be conceived as an alternative to rationality as a way of understanding the world, and is more intuitive than reason because it does not need to be taught Fisher’s narrative paradigm has since been critiqued and expanded upon (for more on the narrative paradigm, see also Fisher, 1985; Fisher, 1989). Parsimonious: Due to the simplistic nature of the theory that uses a limited number of concepts to explain communication, the theory had multiple applications in different fields. Narrative has been studied in fields such as: rhetoric, literary theory, philosophy, history (see for example: White, 1980), psychology, political communication, journalism, studies of folklore, persuasion theory, media studies rhetorical studies, and political communication. In communication, scholars have studied narrative’s role in politics and their use in news media. For example, Bennett Delano (1985) present a pessimistic view of political narrative, arguing that narratives transmitted through mass media act as barriers to solving social problems by casting policy issues in simplistic, ideological terms (p. 8). For Bennett Delano (1985), the power of narratives to label political participants as â€Å"heroes† or â€Å"villains† or â€Å"deserving† or â€Å"undeserving† create â€Å"public policies that are rationalized by the construction of social problems for which they become solutions† (p. 159). Other scholars have also examined t he ways in which Journalists use narratives in the construction of news content (see for example: Lull, 2001, p. 11-26; Gangs, 1979, p. 78-115) Dynamism: The theory is very dynamic to the extend where it could evolve and compliment in any form or context in the view of life . Fisher had rebutted the idea of how his theory could and would maintain the status quo. In his critical article in 1987, Fisher stated human beings are wonderfully creative and imaginative beings. Thus he claims that we are able to invent and accepts new stories when they are better explained or offer a better direction for future living than the stories had heard and believed. This is proven in the case of Hill vs. Thomas. During and immediately after the court hearing, the national polls reported that a majority of those polled had thought that Thomas story to be more credible than the one told by Anita Hill. However, a year after the hearings, when the people thought more about it, the majority of that poll has shifted their votes toward Anita Hills account. This shows that given time to consider and weigh of both stories, people could come to believe one that initially they had found lack of credibility. This shift suggest that fidelity ,may not be fixed at a moment but may shift in response to additional experiences and or reflection. 4. Examples f the theory 4. An article about narrative theory http://www. Marketing’s. Co. UK/trends/brand-storytelling-narrative-theory/ 4007279. Article The Marketing week has made a cover on application, effectiveness ND importance of The narrative Theory in delivering an effective branding image building. In the article Jonathan Bacon stated that ‘Storytelling, or providing consistent and compelling content to build a picture of a company, is becoming more important as people scrutinize brands and businesses. A research done by Monopole; which was commissioned by brand storytelling agency Aesop; attempts to define storytelling according to 10 criteria, including whether brands â€Å"have a clear sense of purpose†, whether consumers are â€Å"intrigued to see what they’ll do next† and whether those brands â€Å"create their own world†. More than 1,500 1-J adults were asked to rate 100 major brands against these criteria before Monopole used the responses to compile a 81st of the best storytelling brands. The following are the results of the research. Thus we could conclude that a good brand story is important and this is supported by Deed Woodcock, strategy director and co-founder of Aesop which believes that a transparent and famous goal is paramount too believable brand story as an example, he state that Apple’s top ranking is the result of its almost evangelical commitment to creating technology that improves people’s lives and the clarity with which it tells that story. â€Å"Its sense of mission manifests itself in everything it does: from the design of its products and stores to the simplicity of its advertising,† he says. Apple is currently running a campaign using long copy to explain the story behind its products. Woodcock commented that in the cases of utility firms, the ineffectiveness of their branding strategy is due to poor marketing or bad publicity. â€Å"Even though utilities could be said to have a noble mission, perhaps the story the consumer tends to hear is fat cat utility rips off defenseless consumers’,† he says This is consistent to Fisher’s theory which stated that fidelity and coherence are crucial in evaluating a story. Thus a bad publicity would tainted the rationality of the theory, with even if it has good reasoning it is not consistent with how the general public perceive these utility companies. Given the central role that storytelling plays in developing a brand’s identity, it is perhaps not surprising that the ranking is dominated by some of the world’s biggest brands, with Apple topping the list and other brands such as Coca-Cola, McDonald’s and Heinz featuring in the top 10. But the study also offers an interesting insight into perceptions towards different industries. For example, while retail, food and drink and FMC brands fare particularly well in the rankings, brands in the utilities, financial services and automotive sectors are considered less adept at storytelling. The highest ranking financial services brand (Visa) is 30th out of 100, while the best storytelling bank or building society (Nationwide) is only 53rd. The top storytelling brand in the utilities sector comes 55th (British Gas) and the bottom four brands overall are all utilities, with Scottish Southern Energy (SSE) receiving the lowest ranking 4. Participation Observation Interview SURVEY QUESTION ANALYSIS 4. 2. 1 Respondent background A survey was conducted on 21st of April 2014, at KILL cafe and the following are the backgrounds of our respondents. They are separated in two types of demographics which is local and international student of KILL. There are four local students which is consist of 2 Malay, 1 Chinese, 1 Indian ,and there are six international students which is consist of two Indonesian students and four from Arab countries (3 Sudanese, 1 Nigerian ). They are ages group are ranging from 18- 25 years old. The survey was conduct by a face to face interview. . 2. 2 The Finding Overall during our survey, there were one main question that was focused which is how does the general public of KILL student identify and rationalize a lie and it was found that 7 out of 10 respondent has given a response that is consistent with Fisher Narrative Rationality Criterion. Which are Fidelity and Coherence. This can be seen throughout respondent 4-10 whereby when ask about being lied to all would have similar methodology of identifying a lie. Which are either through Fidelity Leg: There were lack of details that was told (lack of value in narration), She use the lying that I also use to tell people (personal experience) or Coherence [The story that the liar told me doesn’t hang together (consist of contradiction). The flow of his story was not consisted with what I know (Inconsistence in sequence)] On the other hand, there are instances during our interviews that were not align with the Narrative Paradigm. [By looking at the pace of his speech (body language), He acted guilty (body language+ personal experience) He confess it by himself] 4. . 3 Summary It can be concluded that; in general, Fisher’s Narrative Paradigm theory is applicable to the masses to KILL student but to a curtained extend. As what has been found via the analysis above there are a few findings that shows that there are some of the general student that do not Judge reason only from the sequence of a story and whether it make sense but they use other technicians like body language, analyzing body reaction, or some would Just tell the respondent that they had lied previously. Which to a certain extend derailed from the perspective that Fisher had brought forth which is communication is a form of narration â€Å"that all forms of human communication need to be seen fundamentally as stories-?symbolic interpretations f aspects of the world occurring in time and shaped by history, culture, and character;†( Human Communication As Narration: Toward a Philosophy of Reason, Value, and Action, Walter R. Fisher 1987) as for body language require a skill set and intuition rather than a layman interpretation off unconvincing story. Narrative theory by Walter Fisher is still applicable in this current society. There are certain people who usually talks to themselves but most of them are talking to other people and that makes them involve in becoming the narrator or a storyteller. Secondly, we make decisions on the basis of good reasoning or logic. When we deciding things in our life, we tend to think logically rather than Just Jump into it. In order to make a good decision in life, people will think logically especially in making decision. Fisher’s Narrative Paradigm is a very useful theory that explains one aspect of human nature. Fisher tells of how we are basically â€Å"storytelling animals† and how the receiver of the message Judges the credibility of the message due to its consistency or coherence. For example, when we feel sad and automatically our face will turn to something unpleasant. Suddenly there is someone notices the changes of our motions and he or she will automatically ask us about what happen and we explain it to them. The explanation done by us is what we call as narrative and this is what Fisher trying to explain that human is a natural storyteller. Nowadays the theory is most prevalent in marketing. Marketing executives are actively seeking to fulfill these two criteria to make their brand more appealing towards their customers. Even though there are only two criteria stated by Fisher, there are more criteria a person would Judge a person narrative, especially in two way communication. Thus, even though Fisher succeed to capture on why human is a storytelling species, it does not explain fully on the traits that an individual would Judge others in real life. In conclusion, narrative theory is applicable in the current society and it is present in our everyday life. 6. Suggestion to improve the theory Our suggestions to improve this theory so that it is applicable in current society are to narrow down the scope of the theory. Two major criticism of narrative theory is it could not comprehensively describe all forms of communication and the broadness of the theory. This problem can be avoided by narrowing down the scope of which narrative theory can cover. This meant that narrative theory needs to specify what type of communication it should represent. Another criticism faced by narrative theory is conservative bias. This criticism the nature of theory that conclude that human beings have a set of template on how they would respond to a specific conditions. Responding into this criticism, narrative theory needs to acknowledge that a person acceptance of a narrative can change overtime. This way, narrative theory can accommodate the flexible nature of human being. How to cite Theories of Communication: Narrative Theory, Essays

Statistics and Business Research Socio Economic Products

Question: Describe about the Statistics and Business Research for Socio Economic Products. Answer: Introduction This research study has highlighted the impact of socio economic differences for the purchasing of products in the Australian market. As per the statement of Pechey et al. (2013), socio economic differences within an organization arise due to the misunderstanding or miscommunication between the consumers and the employees or between the inter employees of the organization. In this purpose, the researcher has considered the socio economic differences as the independent variable and the purchasing of products is the dependent variable (Dinsa et al. 2012). On the other hand, it can be mentioned that different theories and reliable models will be discussed in this study. These models and theories will effectively increase the knowledge of the study of the research. The models and the theories will be beneficial to estimate the impact of the socio economic differences on the purchasing of products. Socio economic factors: As per the statement of Chitnis et al. (2014), attitudes are the undesirable or the desirable estimation that reflect the behaviour of the consumers. In this connection, it can be stated that attitudes affect the intentions. In addition, it can be stated that attitudes reflect the intentions, higher the desirable attitude, greater will be the intention, which is required to carry out. Howe et al. (2012) opined that attitude is the key factor, which has a greater impact on the buying decision. On the other hand, it can be mentioned that the attitudes are connected with the people and the surroundings. According to Blum (2013), it can be stated that positive attitudes of the people will positively reflect to the surrounding people. In addition, impact of the socio economic differences on the purchasing of goods is also depending upon the connection between the subjective norms and the attitudes of the consumers (Handbury, Rahkovsky and Schnell 2015). In order to make a business successful, socio economic difference between the employees and the consumers will mitigate. It will be reduced by the development of the trust and the rapport with the consumers. As a result, it can be mentioned that greater communication skill between the organizational authority and the consumers can reduce the socio economic differences. In this purpose, Galama and Van Kippersluis (2015) added that the consumers are willing to purchase the products from that organization. The productivity of the company will be effectively increased. Socio economic disparities can be prevented when communication style and the behavior of the employees is required to improve. Global socio economic disparity: Figure : Global socio economic disparity (Source: Pickett and Wilkinson 2015) The above figure depicted the influential factors, which reflects the socio economic differences. By identifying these factors, an organization can mitigate this disparity. These factors can be discussed briefly in the following: Higher production rate and the cheaper labor markets: According to Blum (2013), cheap labor market highlights to increase the rate of production. Nevertheless, due to the precarious employment, there is a weaker purchasing power and the manufacturing goods and services will be hampered. The smaller groups of the domestic customers provide these goods and the services. This particular economic scenario will attract the foreign investors. As per the statement of Vijayanand (2012), due to the lower rate of the domestic labors, the foreign will be attracted. As a result, it can be mentioned that the socio economic disparity will increase. Higher consumption rate and the over market consumption: According to Howe et al. (2012), it can be stated that a larger proportion of manufacturing goods and the services in the cheaper labor countries will be exported to the excessive consumption nations. As a result, this will generate a vicious circle, with which the international consumption will be concentrated within a fewer markets. This purchasing behavior of wages within the consumer nations will continue to increase. On the other hand, the purchasing power of the wages in the cheaper labor nations will constantly fall or remain unchanged. Lower rate of consumption and the under consumption markets: In the words of Handbury, Rahkovsky and Schnell (2015), under consumption is directly related with the economic policies, which aimed to encourage the cheaper labor market. This situation may arise due to the inadequate consumer demand. In addition, it can be mentioned that sometimes the workers are paid lower wages compared to the production. As a result, their willingness towards the productivity will reduce. Hence, the productivity of the organization will be deceased. This will in turn reflect the consumption pattern of the consumers. Global socio economic disparity and the global consumption disparity: This section has tried to highlight that there is a disparity in the income level and the level of consumption. On the other hand, Galama and Van Kippersluis (2015), added that the smaller portion of the overall population would consume a larger percentage of the worlds resources. Therefore, the greater percentage of the overall population is belonging under the minimum consumption level. Therefore, this research study has demonstrated the concept of over consumption and the under consumption in order to identify the impact of the socio economic differences. Due to the limited resources in the global market, the organization will not be able to produce higher productivity. According to the statement of Pickett and Wilkinson (2015), it is required to reduce he socio economic gap between the employees and the consumers. In this connection, the employees require to communicate with the customers, so that the employees will be able to understand the requirement of them. With the help of the satisfactory relationship, the performance of a business can be improved. The productivity of the organization will also be increased. In addition, Blum (2013), opined that consumers would maintain a long-term relationship with the organization. As a result, it can be inferred that the consumer loyalty towards the company will be maintained. Nonetheless, misunderstanding between the co nsumers and the employees will reflect to distrust as well as poor morale. Therefore, it can be concluded that socio economic gap is not good for a company. Gantt chart using the three milestones Literature Review is due on Week 6. Data Collection and Analysis Report are due on Week 10. Final Business Research (Capstone) Thesis is due on week 14. Figure: Gantt Chart using three milestones (Source: created by author) Data collection and analysis method The aim of the research is to find an impact of socio economic differences on the consumers choice of purchasing the products or consuming the services in an Australian Market. The researcher has chosen Virgin Airlines to evaluate and find the issues that the organizations face due to the socio-economic differences. Data collection is a method through which data is collection upon which a finding is based. The researcher has used descriptive approach to analyze the data. The research is not based on case study but the research uses a descriptive approach. Two types of data collection process are qualitative and quantitative procedure (Creswell 2013). For this particular, research the researcher uses quantitative process for collecting the data. Quantitative data is collected for the numerical analysis of the observation. The researcher uses quantitative data collection as the research is observational and descriptive in nature. Quantitative data is used to test the hypothesis that is derived from the theory. The data collection procedure depends on the research questions. The quantitative data can be collected using various methods such as experiments, observations, interview, questionnaires and surveys. Since the research is descriptive in nature, the author uses the methods of questionnaires and surveys to collect the data (Bryman 2015). The data is collected by preparing a questionnaire that is then surveyed online and through interview process by the researcher. The questionnaire is prepared for the managers of Virgin Airlines, its employees and customers. The questionnaire is based on the semi-structured pattern that was based on clustered samples. The questionnaire contains both an open-ended questions and close ended questions. The close-ended questions are for the employees and managers of the organization that is answered in descriptive format. It contains five questions that are surveyed from employees and managers of the Virgin Airlines. The questionnaire is surveyed using interview method and the researcher himself conducts the interview. The total number of employees that are surveyed accounts to 10. Open-ended questions are prepared for the consumers of Virgin airlines. The questionnaire depends on demography such as age, sex, religion and questions based on consumer choice and factors affecting their buy ing behavior. The total numbers of consumers that are surveyed are 50 (Weber 2015). The questionnaire prepared is published online and survey via internet. It is done analyze the socio economic problems and the impact of the socio economic differences on the purchasing decision of consumers. The questionnaire is prepared to analyze the psychological view of the customers. It is done to analyze the methods used by the managers and employees to solve the socio economic issues and problems. The inquiry made was tested on a sample of clustered sampling from the business organization and after that following a convenience sampling so that any person can answer the questionnaires (Saaty and Vargas 2013). Hence, the researcher uses quantitative method to collect the data for this particular research. Quantitative method of data collection is more cost effective than the qualitative researcher it is also less time consuming and hence the researcher uses quantitative data collection method. The two types of data are primary data and secondary data. The researcher relies on primary sources of data for its research that is collected by preparing questionnaires from the primary sources. Here, the primary sources include the managers, employees and consumers. Primary data is the data that is collected by the researcher on its own from the valid sources. It is essential for the researcher to ensure that the data is collected from valid sources where the researcher can rely on the data (Mertens 2014). Data analysis The next step after data collection is the data analysis method. The data that is collected is analyzed using statistical tools to obtain a result on the socio economic problems and its impact on the purchasing decision of consumers in Australian organization. The researcher uses Virgin Airlines to analyze and the issue. Testing the hypothesis is essential that is tested using the statistical tool. The data that is collected is plotted on an excel file to obtain the histograms and bar graphs through which the data is analyzed. In this case, the researcher uses p-test and z-test to conclude as to accept the hypothesis or to reject it. The researcher uses the simple random sampling and probability method to analyze the data (Soy 2015). The aim of the researcher is to get an unbiased result through the analysis. The researcher also uses SPSS software to analyze the result. The response of the consumers, employees and managers are analyzed through SPSS tool (Pickard 2012). The response o f the respondents is categorized under different sections and heads such as age, culture, consumer choice, socio economic differences. The data is then analyzes on three components or parameters that is good, satisfactory and poor. The response and result obtained is the plotted in bar graphs, histograms and pie charts upon which a conclusion is drawn. Hence the data is analyzed in a descriptive approach. Recommendation It is recommended that the researcher should use both the qualitative and quantitative methods for the data collection and data analysis. Qualitative data is used to support the quantitative data collection method. The researcher should also use the secondary sources of data for its research. It is essential for the researcher to have knowledge of the organization, which can be evaluated by referring to the website of the company. The socio economic differences can be solved and there are mainly to main factors to solve the differences. One is the education of children. Right education by the parents has an influential impact on the society. The second component that influences the society greatly is the media (Batra et al. 2014). Media has a very great impact on the society. It can create either a positive impact or a negative impact on society. The Virgin Airline should initially analyze the socio economic problems and issues that the organization face. It is also essential to anal yze the impact of socio economic differences on the purchase decisions and then formulate strategies accordingly to solve the problem (Hirst 2013). Analyzing the background of the customers is essential to know their social background. It is also essential to know the reason for the differences in the socio economic background. Hence, the two main factors that can solve are the right education and right use of media. The managers should properly formulate the strategies so that the problems can be tackled easily (Godey et al. 2012). Hence, the researcher should expand its sample size in order to get a valid result and should use both the quantitative and qualitative data collection procedure for the analysis. Conclusion Hence, from the above analysis and research it can be concluded that the researcher will accept the null hypothesis and reject the alternate hypothesis. The researcher uses quantitative approach to collect the data and the research is described in a descriptive approach. The data is collected through questionnaires from the managers, employees and consumers of Virgin Airlines through interview method and online survey. Various social factors and economic factors affect the purchase decision of consumers. The various social factors that affect the purchasing decision of consumers for Virgin airline are income of the family, social status, lifestyle, consumer preferences, consumer attitude and education. The economic factors that affect the purchasing decision of consumers are price of the product, income of the consumers, purchasing power, interest rates and other economic factors. The differences in the socio economic factors have a negative impact on the purchasing decisions and it greatly affects the consumer choice. The differences lead to a fall in the sale of services that should be handled effectively the managers of the organization. Hence, it is essential to keep the workplace free from socio economic differences in order for success of the business. A socio-economic difference leads to religious riots which is harmful for the organization. Hence, the researcher uses quantitative approach for data collection method because it is less time consuming and more cost effective as compared to the qualitative data collection method. References Batra, R., Ramaswamy, V., Alden, D.L., Steenkamp, J.B.E. and Ramachander, S., 2014. Effects of brand local and non-local origin on consumer attitudes in developing countries.Journal of consumer psychology,9, pp.83-95. Blum, M., 2013. 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